Managing diabetes in primary care during Ramadan

Ramadan is the holiest month of the Islamic calendar, during which there is an obligation for healthy adult Muslims to fast (Moolla et al, 2013). The period of fasting continues for 30 days, commencing at sunrise and continuing until sunset, and includes abstinence from both food and drink. Usually two meals per 24 hours are eaten, one pre-dawn (Suhoor) and one post-sunset (Iftar). Fasting is believed to bring spiritual, psychological and physical benefits. The dates of Ramadan are based on the lunar calendar and advance 10 to 11 days each (solar) year. This year in the UK, Ramadan commences after sunset on Thursday 23 April and ends at sundown on Saturday 23 May.

The adoption of fasting together with alteration of mealtimes, sleeping arrangements and exercise, places physiological demands on the individual that are likely to be greater in those with diabetes (Hassanein et al, 2017). This article looks at the challenges faced by people with diabetes during Ramadan and how these individuals can best be advised to manage their diabetes during this period.