There are four phases in a normal swallow (Table 1). Oropharyngeal dysphagia is described as difficulty initiating a swallow or passing food through the region of the mouth or throat. Oesophageal...
Dysphagia literally means difficulty eating or swallowing. Intact motor and nervous systems are essential to enable normal swallowing (Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists [RCSLT], 2014)....
While age-related cognitive dysfunction has long been the subject of studies, such as the Geriatric Giants study (Isaacs, 1965), definitions have not considered cognitive frailty to be consistent with...
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